שאלון 16484 מיועד לנבחנים אקסטרניים בלבד. תלמידי בית ספר במסלול 4 יח״ל אינם נבחנים עליו: במודול D הם לומדים את תכנית הספרות (שלושה סיפורים קצרים, שלושה שירים וארבעה דוחות קריאה), והציון עליה נקבע בבית הספר.

אנגלית

שאלון ד׳ (MODULE D) לנבחנים אקסטרניים · גרסה א׳

הוראות

משך הבחינה: שעה וחצי.
מבנה השאלון ומפתח ההערכה: בשאלון זה שני פרקים.

פרק ראשון - הבנת הנקרא 70 נקודות

פרק שני - מטלת כתיבה 30 נקודות

סך הכול 100 נקודות
חומר עזר מותר בשימוש: אחד המילונים או אחת המילוניות מן הרשימה שבאתר הפיקוח על הוראת האנגלית ובאתר של אגף הבחינות במשרד החינוך.
נבחנים "עולים חדשים" רשאים להשתמש גם במילון דו-לשוני: אנגלי-שפת אימם / שפת אימם-אנגלי. השימוש במילון אחר טעון אישור של הפיקוח על הוראת האנגלית.
הוראות מיוחדות:
(1) יש לכתוב את כל התשובות בגוף השאלון (במקומות המיועדים לכך).
(2) יש לכתוב את כל התשובות באנגלית ובעט בלבד.
(3) יש לכתוב את הנוסח הסופי של מטלת הכתיבה בעמוד 9.
(4) בתום הבחינה יש להחזיר את השאלון למשגיח או למשגיחה.

השאלות בשאלון זה מנוסחות בלשון רבים, אף על פי כן על כל תלמידה וכל תלמיד להשיב עליהן באופן אישי.

בהצלחה!

/המשך מעבר לדף/

אנגלית, מועד לדוגמה, תשפ"ז, בסגנון שאלון 16484 · לנבחנים אקסטרניים בלבד

PART I: WRITTEN RECEPTION (70 points)

(ACCESS TO INFORMATION FROM WRITTEN TEXTS)

Read the text below and then answer questions 1-8.

WORKING IN SPACE

I Laura Mitchell is an astronaut from Canada. Last year, she spent six months on the

International Space Station (ISS), a large research station that goes around the Earth

every 90 minutes. Mitchell still remembers her first morning in space. “I could not find

my pen,” she says. “Then I looked up, and there it was, floating above my head.” On the

5ISS there is almost no gravity, so everything floats - pens, food, water and even the

astronauts themselves. “You cannot pour water into a cup,” Mitchell explains. “It would

simply float away. Instead, we drink from special bags.”

II Because of this, astronauts must learn new ways to do simple everyday things. When

they go to sleep, they attach themselves to the wall so that they will not float around

10the station at night. Even eating and washing become a challenge. In addition, the

astronauts must exercise for two hours every day, because without gravity the muscles

and bones of the human body slowly become weaker. “Space changes the body,” says Dr.

Alan Peters, a scientist who prepares astronauts for their missions. “Daily exercise is

the only way to keep them strong and healthy.”

15III The astronauts do not travel to space just for the adventure. On the station, they

carry out scientific experiments that cannot be done on Earth. For example, they study

how plants grow without gravity, and how the human body changes after months in space.

They also repair the station and test new equipment. “This research is important for the

future,” says Peters. “One day, it may help people travel to Mars.”

20IV Life on the station is not always easy. The astronauts work long hours, far from

home. Because the ISS goes around the Earth so quickly, they see sixteen sunrises and

sunsets every day, and this makes sleeping difficult. Many astronauts also say that they

miss their families. Video calls help them keep in touch, but they cannot hug their

children from space.

25V So why do they do it? Most astronauts say that the difficulties are a small price to

pay. “Every evening, I looked down at the Earth,” says Mitchell. “It is the most

beautiful thing I have ever seen. I would return to the station tomorrow.” Peters is not

surprised. Every year, thousands of people apply to become astronauts. “Not many jobs

are harder,” he says. “But very few jobs are more special.”

QUESTIONS (70 points)

Answer questions 1-8 in English, according to the text. In questions 1 and 4, circle the number of the correct answer. In the other questions, follow the instructions.

1.What are we told about Laura Mitchell in paragraph I?

(8 points)

Answer The route · הדרך: This is a multiple-choice question about what the text does and does not tell us. Read only paragraph I (lines 1-7) and test the four options one by one: if you cannot put your finger on the words in the text, the option is wrong, however reasonable it sounds. Only one of them can be matched to something actually written there. שאלה אמריקאית על מה שכתוב בפסקה I ומה לא כתוב בה. עוברים על כל אפשרות בנפרד מול שורות 1-7, וכל אפשרות שאי אפשר להצביע על המילים שלה בטקסט - נפסלת.
ii) How long she stayed on the space station.
Check: line 1: “Last year, she spent six months on the International Space Station.” The text never says why she wanted the job, how she was chosen, or when she returned to Canada.

2.Why do the astronauts drink from special bags? Give ONE answer from paragraph I.

COMPLETE THE ANSWER.

Because on the ISS you cannot .

(8 points)

Answer The route · הדרך: A detail question that asks for a reason, and it already tells you where to look: paragraph I. The special bags are mentioned at the very end of the paragraph, so the reason sits in the sentence just before them (lines 6-7). Complete the frame with a verb phrase, so that the finished sentence still reads correctly. שאלת פרט שמבקשת סיבה, והשאלה כבר מפנה לפסקה I. השקיות מופיעות בסוף הפסקה, והסיבה נמצאת במשפט שלפניהן (שורות 6-7). ההשלמה צריכה להתחיל בפועל, כדי שהמשפט כולו יישמע תקין.
Because on the ISS you cannot pour water into a cup (the water would simply float away).
Check: lines 6-7: “You cannot pour water into a cup... It would simply float away. Instead, we drink from special bags.”

3.What do the astronauts do so that they will not float around the station at night? (paragraph II)

COMPLETE THE SENTENCE.

When they go to sleep, they .

(8 points)

Answer The route · הדרך: Another completion question, and here the question almost quotes the text. Find the words about not floating around the station at night in paragraph II (lines 8-10), and take what comes immediately before them. After “they” you need a verb in the present simple, so the sentence you hand in matches the frame. שאלת השלמה נוספת, והניסוח שלה כמעט מצטט את הטקסט. מאתרים בפסקה II את המילים על כך שהאסטרונאוטים לא יצופו בתחנה בלילה (שורות 8-10) ולוקחים את מה שכתוב מיד לפניהן. ההשלמה היא פועל בהווה פשוט.
When they go to sleep, they attach themselves to the wall.
Check: lines 8-10: “When they go to sleep, they attach themselves to the wall so that they will not float around the station at night.”

4.What does Dr. Peters explain in paragraph II?

(8 points)

Answer The route · הדרך: This multiple-choice question asks what one person explains, so the answer must come from his own words. Find the sentence about exercise and the quotation that belongs to Dr. Peters in paragraph II (lines 11-14), and choose the option that says the same thing in other words. Options about subjects he never mentions are out, even when they sound like they belong to this topic. שאלה אמריקאית על מה שאדם מסוים מסביר, ולכן התשובה חייבת לבוא מדבריו שלו. מאתרים בפסקה II את המשפט על האימון ואת הציטוט של ד״ר פיטרס (שורות 11-14) ובוחרים את האפשרות שאומרת את אותו דבר במילים אחרות.
iii) Why astronauts must exercise every day.
Check: lines 11-14: without gravity the muscles and bones slowly become weaker, and “Daily exercise is the only way to keep them strong and healthy.” Peters says nothing about sports, food or hours of sleep.

5.What do the astronauts study on the station? Give ONE answer from paragraph III.

ANSWER: .

(8 points)

Answer The route · הדרך: An open detail question with a free line, but the answer still comes out of the text. The words “For example” in paragraph III (line 16) always point forward to a list, and the things the astronauts study are written right there (lines 16-17). One of them is enough. Write it as a short phrase that fits after “ANSWER:”, not as a full sentence. שאלת פרט פתוחה, אבל התשובה עדיין מגיעה מהטקסט. הצירוף For example בפסקה III (שורה 16) מוביל לרשימה, ושם כתוב מה האסטרונאוטים חוקרים (שורות 16-17). מספיק פריט אחד, בצורת צירוף קצר ולא משפט שלם.
Any ONE of: how plants grow without gravity / how the human body changes after months in space.
Check: lines 16-17: “For example, they study how plants grow without gravity, and how the human body changes after months in space.”

6.According to Peters, why is the research done on the station important? (lines 18-19)

COMPLETE THE ANSWER.

Because one day it may .

(8 points)

Answer The route · הדרך: The question hands you the lines (18-19), so the work is choosing the right part of them. Those two lines carry two ideas: that the research is important for the future, and what it may lead to one day. The frame “Because one day it may...” matches the second idea, and after “may” you need a verb in the base form. השאלה כבר נותנת את השורות (18-19), ולכן העבודה היא לבחור מתוכן את החלק הנכון. יש שם שני חלקים: שהמחקר חשוב לעתיד, ומה הוא עשוי לאפשר יום אחד. תחילת המשפט מתאימה לחלק השני, ואחרי may בא פועל בצורת הבסיס.
Because one day it may help people travel to Mars.
Check: lines 18-19: “This research is important for the future... One day, it may help people travel to Mars.”

7.Why is it difficult for the astronauts to sleep? Give ONE answer from paragraph IV.

COMPLETE THE ANSWER.

Because they see .

(8 points)

Answer The route · הדרך: A reason question again, and the text puts the cause and the result inside one sentence: the difficulty of sleeping is the result, so the cause is what stands just before it in lines 21-22. Work backwards from the result to the cause, and complete the frame with what the astronauts see. שוב שאלת סיבה. בטקסט הסיבה והתוצאה נמצאות באותו משפט: הקושי להירדם הוא התוצאה, ומה שכתוב לפניו בשורות 21-22 הוא הסיבה. משלימים את תחילת המשפט הנתונה במה שהאסטרונאוטים רואים בכל יום.
Because they see sixteen sunrises and sunsets every day.
Check: lines 21-22: “they see sixteen sunrises and sunsets every day, and this makes sleeping difficult.”

8.What do we learn in paragraphs IV-V about being an astronaut?

PUT A √ BY THE TWO CORRECT ANSWERS.

i) Most astronauts think the job is worth the difficulties.
ii) Astronauts cannot speak with their families.
iii) Astronauts get a long holiday after every mission.
iv) Many people want to become astronauts.
v) Peters thinks the job is easier than most jobs.
vi) Mitchell does not want to go back to space.

(2x7=14 points)

Answer The route · הדרך: This is the double question, two answers of seven points each, so tick exactly two boxes and no more. Take the six statements one at a time and test each one against paragraphs IV-V (lines 20-29). Two of them can be matched to a line in the text; the others either say the opposite of what is written or deal with something the text never mentions at all. זו השאלה הכפולה, שתי תשובות של 7 נקודות, ולכן מסמנים בדיוק שני סעיפים ולא יותר. בודקים כל אחד מששת המשפטים בנפרד מול פסקאות IV-V (שורות 20-29): שניים אפשר להצמיד לשורה בטקסט, והשאר סותרים את הכתוב או מדברים על משהו שלא מופיע בו כלל.
i) Most astronauts think the job is worth the difficulties, and iv) many people want to become astronauts.
Check: lines 25-26: “Most astronauts say that the difficulties are a small price to pay” (= i); line 28: “Every year, thousands of people apply to become astronauts” (= iv). The text says video calls help astronauts keep in touch (not ii), Mitchell would return to the station tomorrow (not vi), Peters says not many jobs are harder (not v), and holidays are never mentioned (not iii).

PART II: WRITTEN PRODUCTION (30 points)

(WRITTEN PRESENTATION)

IMPORTANT: You may use words and/or phrases from the text in Part I.
However, you must NOT copy a sentence or sentences from the text.

Write 80-100 words in English on the following topic.

9.Would you like to spend six months on the space station? Write a composition explaining why you would or would not.

Use this page and the next (pages 7-8) for writing a rough draft.

Write your final version here:

Model composition (92 words) The route · הדרך: The task asks a yes or no question and then asks for reasons, so plan before you write. Decide your answer first, and then build four moves: an opening sentence that states your choice, two or three reasons with a small detail or example for each, one sentence about the difficult side of such a mission, and a closing sentence that comes back to your choice. Keep the register semi-formal - no slang and no short forms - stay inside 80-100 words, and borrow single words and phrases from the text without copying a whole sentence. מטלת כתיבה של הבעת דעה. קודם מחליטים מה התשובה, ואז בונים ארבעה מהלכים: משפט פתיחה שמציג את הבחירה, שתיים-שלוש סיבות עם פרט או דוגמה לכל אחת, משפט אחד על הצד הקשה של משימה כזאת, ומשפט סיום שחוזר לבחירה. סגנון חצי רשמי, 80-100 מילים, ומותר לשאול מילים וצירופים מהטקסט - אבל לא להעתיק משפט שלם.

I would love to spend six months on the space station. I have always been interested in science, and on the station I could carry out experiments that are impossible on Earth. Floating without gravity must be an amazing feeling, and very few people ever get the chance to try it. Of course, the mission would be difficult. I would have to exercise every day and stay far from my family. However, we could talk through video calls. In my opinion, the view of the Earth from space is worth every difficulty.

How the composition is assessed: Content (a clear answer to the question, with reasons and examples) · Organization (an opening, connected ideas, a closing sentence) · Language (vocabulary and grammar).
Note: the model uses words and phrases from the text (carry out experiments, video calls, worth every difficulty) but does not copy any complete sentence - exactly what the IMPORTANT box allows. Points are taken off for compositions that are much shorter or longer than 80-100 words.

מחוון - תשובות סופיות / Answer Key

לבדיקה עצמית מהירה; הפתרונות המלאים בגוף השאלון.

Question	Answer
1	ii) How long she stayed on the space station.
2	Because on the ISS you cannot pour water into a cup
3	When they go to sleep, they attach themselves to the wall
4	iii) Why astronauts must exercise every day.
5	Any ONE of: how plants grow without gravity / how the human body changes after months in space
6	Because one day it may help people travel to Mars
7	Because they see sixteen sunrises and sunsets every day
8	i) Most astronauts think the job is worth the difficulties. + iv) Many people want to become astronauts.
9	Open task - see model

שאלון תרגול בסגנון בחינת הבגרות · נדב כץ · אין זה שאלון רשמי של משרד החינוך

פרק ראשון - הבנת הנקרא	70 נקודות
פרק שני - מטלת כתיבה	30 נקודות
סך הכול	100 נקודות