נדב כץ
מאגר לימוד ותרגול
סוג הבחינה: בגרות לתרגול, לנבחנים אקסטרניים
מועד הבחינה: מועד לדוגמה, תשפ"ז
מספר השאלון: בסגנון שאלון 16584 · לנבחנים אקסטרניים בלבד
שאלון 16584 מיועד לנבחנים אקסטרניים בלבד. תלמידי בית ספר במסלול 5 יח״ל אינם נבחנים עליו: במודול F הם לומדים את תכנית הספרות (רומן או מחזה, שלושה סיפורים קצרים, שני שירים וארבעה דוחות קריאה), והציון עליה נקבע בבית הספר.

אנגלית

שאלון ו׳ (MODULE F) לנבחנים אקסטרניים · גרסה א׳
הוראות
  1. משך הבחינה: שעה וחצי.
  2. מבנה השאלון ומפתח ההערכה: בשאלון זה שני פרקים.
    פרק ראשון - הבנת הנקרא60 נקודות
    פרק שני - מטלת כתיבה40 נקודות
    סך הכול100 נקודות
  3. חומר עזר מותר בשימוש: אחד המילונים או אחת המילוניות מן הרשימה שבאתר הפיקוח על הוראת האנגלית ובאתר של אגף הבחינות במשרד החינוך.
    נבחנים "עולים חדשים" רשאים להשתמש גם במילון דו-לשוני: אנגלי-שפת אימם / שפת אימם-אנגלי. השימוש במילון אחר טעון אישור של הפיקוח על הוראת האנגלית.
  4. הוראות מיוחדות:
    (1) יש לכתוב את כל התשובות בגוף השאלון (במקומות המיועדים לכך).
    (2) יש לכתוב את כל התשובות באנגלית ובעט בלבד.
    (3) יש לכתוב את הנוסח הסופי של מטלת הכתיבה בעמוד 9. אם תצטרכו, תוכלו להשתמש גם בעמוד 10.
    (4) בתום הבחינה יש להחזיר את השאלון למשגיח או למשגיחה.

הערה: על כתיב שגוי יופחתו נקודות מן הציון.

השאלות בשאלון זה מנוסחות בלשון רבים, אף על פי כן על כל תלמידה וכל תלמיד להשיב עליהן באופן אישי.

בהצלחה!
/המשך מעבר לדף/
אנגלית, מועד לדוגמה, תשפ"ז, בסגנון שאלון 16584 · לנבחנים אקסטרניים בלבד
PART I: WRITTEN RECEPTION (60 points)
(ACCESS TO INFORMATION FROM WRITTEN TEXTS)

Read the text below and then answer questions 1-9.

SWITCHING OFF: A BREAK FROM OUR PHONES
I   Like most people, Emma Carter used to look at her phone as soon as she woke up.
During the day, the 28-year-old graphic designer from Manchester answered messages
while she ate, worked and even crossed the street. “I checked my phone about two
hundred times a day,” she says. “If it wasn’t in my hand, I felt nervous.” Then, a
5year ago, Carter joined a weekend program in the countryside for people who want
to take a break from their screens. Participants hand in their phones when they
arrive and get them back only when they leave, two days later.
II   Programs like this one, often called a “digital detox,” have become popular in
many countries. According to psychologist Daniel Reeves, it is not surprising that so
10many people find it hard to put their phones down. “Apps are designed to catch our
attention and hold it,” he explains. “Every message and every notification gives us
a small feeling of pleasure, so we keep coming back for more.” This constant
checking has a price, says Reeves. Studies show that frequent interruptions make
it difficult to concentrate on one task, and that using screens late at night can
15affect both our sleep and our mood.
III   A digital detox can take many forms. Some people, like Carter, choose a phone-
free weekend far from home. Others prefer smaller steps: they turn off notifications,
keep their phones out of the bedroom, or make family meals a screen-free time.
There are even apps that lock other apps for a few hours so that their owners can
20work without interruptions. Hotels have joined the trend as well. Several now offer
guests a discount if they agree to leave their phones at the front desk for the
whole stay.
IV   Many people seem to feel that some kind of break is necessary. In a recent
survey in Britain, for example, six out of ten adults said they were trying to reduce
25the time they spend on their phones. However, some experts doubt that a short
detox can change our habits. “A weekend without your phone is like a diet that
lasts two days,” says Professor Alice Morgan, who studies how technology affects
daily life. “You may feel wonderful when it ends, but the next morning you go
right back to your old routine.”
30V   According to Morgan, the real goal is not to escape from our phones but to
control how we use them. She recommends starting with one small change, such as
a screen-free hour before bed, and adding another only when the first has become a
habit. It also helps to replace an old habit with a new one - reading a few pages
before sleep, for example, instead of scrolling. “Technology itself is not the enemy,”
35Morgan explains. “Used wisely, our phones serve us. The problem begins when we
serve them.”
QUESTIONS (60 points)
Answer questions 1-9 in English, according to the text. In questions 1, 4 and 7, circle the number of the correct answer. In the other questions, follow the instructions.
1.What are we told about Emma Carter in paragraph I?
(5 points)
Answer The route · הדרך: This is a detail question, and the four options are not really about understanding - they are about checking. Three of them name information that paragraph I simply never gives, however reasonable they sound for a young designer with a phone habit. Go through them one by one and keep only the one you can put your finger on in the text; the quotation in lines 3-4 is the one place where the paragraph tells us anything about how Carter felt. שאלת פרט: לגבי כל אפשרות בודקים אם היא באמת כתובה בפסקה הראשונה, ולא רק נשמעת סבירה.
iv) How she used to feel without her phone.
Check: line 4: “If it wasn’t in my hand, I felt nervous.” The text never says when she bought her first phone, why she chose her profession, or how she communicates with her family.
2.What happens at the weekend program described in paragraph I?
COMPLETE THE SENTENCE.

Participants spend two days .
(7 points)
Answer The route · הדרך: A sentence-completion question, so the stem is doing half the work for you: it already says that participants spend two days, and you only supply what those two days are like. The information sits at the end of paragraph I (lines 6-7), in the sentence about handing the phones in and getting them back. Turn that sentence into a short phrase that fits grammatically after the word “days” rather than copying it whole. השלמת משפט: מאתרים בפסקה הראשונה מה עושים המשתתפים עם הטלפונים, והופכים את זה לצירוף קצר שמתאים לפתיח.
Participants spend two days without their phones (they hand in their phones when they arrive and get them back only when they leave).
Check: lines 6-7: “Participants hand in their phones when they arrive and get them back only when they leave, two days later.”
3.According to Reeves, why do people keep coming back to their phones? (lines 10-12)
COMPLETE THE ANSWER.

Because messages and notifications .
(6 points)
Answer The route · הדרך: A reason question, and the lines are handed to you. The explanation in lines 11-12 is built around the linking word “so”: what comes before it is the cause, and what comes after it is exactly the result the question has already quoted back at you. So take the half before “so” and shape it to follow the stem, which begins with “Because messages and notifications”. שאלת סיבה: המילה so בשורה 12 מפרידה בין הסיבה לתוצאה, ולוקחים את מה שלפניה.
Because messages and notifications give us a small feeling of pleasure.
Check: lines 11-12: “Every message and every notification gives us a small feeling of pleasure, so we keep coming back for more.”
4.What do we learn from lines 12-15 about constant checking?
(5 points)
Answer The route · הדרך: Here you are asked what a whole block of lines is about, so answer from the point the writer is making and not from single words. Lines 12-15 begin by announcing that constant checking “has a price”, and everything after that announcement lists the price: harder concentration, and worse sleep and mood. Options that echo a word from the passage - studies, apps, night - without matching that point are there to catch a reader who is word-hunting. שאלה על הרעיון של הקטע: הביטוי has a price בשורה 13 מכריז שמדובר בנזק, וההמשך רק מפרט אותו.
iii) How it can harm us.
Check: lines 12-15: constant checking “has a price” - frequent interruptions make it difficult to concentrate, and screens late at night can affect sleep and mood.
5.What can people who prefer smaller steps do? Give ONE answer from lines 16-19.

ANSWER: .
(6 points)
Answer The route · הדרך: A locate-the-detail question, and the text has already done the sorting for you: the colon in line 17 opens a list of the “smaller steps”, and the list runs on to line 19. You are asked for ONE item only, so pick the one you can write out accurately and give it as a full phrase. Extra items earn nothing here and only add places to make a spelling mistake. שאלת איתור: הנקודתיים בשורה 17 פותחות רשימה של צעדים קטנים, ומספיק לבחור פריט אחד ולכתוב אותו במלואו.
Any ONE of: turn off notifications / keep their phones out of the bedroom / make family meals a screen-free time / use apps that lock other apps for a few hours.
Check: lines 17-19: “Others prefer smaller steps: they turn off notifications, keep their phones out of the bedroom, or make family meals a screen-free time. There are even apps that lock other apps...”
6.What do some hotels offer their guests? (paragraph III)
COMPLETE THE ANSWER.

A discount, if they agree to .
(7 points)
Answer The route · הדרך: Another detail question, and again the stem tells you the grammar: after “agree to” you need a verb in the base form. That narrows the search to a single sentence, the one that closes paragraph III (lines 20-22), which is built on the very same structure. Because the structures match, the phrase can be carried across almost as it stands - just make sure it stays a phrase and not a second full sentence. הצירוף agree to מחייב פועל בצורת הבסיס, והמשפט על בתי המלון בשורות 20-22 בנוי בדיוק כך.
A discount, if they agree to leave their phones at the front desk for the whole stay.
Check: lines 20-22: “Several now offer guests a discount if they agree to leave their phones at the front desk for the whole stay.”
7.What can we understand from the survey mentioned in paragraph IV?
(5 points)
Answer The route · הדרך: “What can we understand” asks you to take one step beyond the words - but only one. The survey figure is in lines 23-25, and read carefully it reports something quite modest: what those adults said they were trying to do. Each wrong option claims more than that sentence will support, so test them against the sentence itself rather than against what feels likely about phones. שאלת הבנה זהירה: הסקר בשורות 23-25 מדווח רק על מה שאנשים אמרו שהם מנסים לעשות, ולא יותר מזה.
ii) Many people want to spend less time on their phones.
Check: lines 23-25: “six out of ten adults said they were trying to reduce the time they spend on their phones.” They were trying to cut down - the survey does not say they joined a program (iii), that they enjoy their phones (i), or that use is increasing (iv).
8.What does Professor Morgan say about changing our phone habits? (paragraphs IV-V)
PUT A √ BY THE TWO CORRECT ANSWERS.
  • i) A short break is not enough to change them.
  • ii) Most people cannot change them at all.
  • iii) It is best to make one small change at a time.
  • iv) Phones should be kept out of the workplace.
  • v) Only young people need to change them.
  • vi) Hotels can help people change them.
(2x6=12 points)
Answer The route · הדרך: A two-answer question about one named speaker, which gives you a filter before you even read the options: only what Morgan herself says can count. She speaks in two places - at the end of paragraph IV about how long a short break really lasts (lines 26-29), and in paragraph V about how to build a new habit (lines 31-33). Match one option to each of those two places. Anything that is true of the article but not of Morgan, or that appears nowhere at all, falls away. שתי תשובות נכונות: מורגן מדברת בשני מקומות בלבד, בסוף פסקה IV ובפסקה V, ולכל אחד מהם מתאימה אפשרות אחת.
i) A short break is not enough to change them, and iii) it is best to make one small change at a time.
Check: lines 26-29: “A weekend without your phone is like a diet that lasts two days... you go right back to your old routine” (= i); lines 31-33: “She recommends starting with one small change... and adding another only when the first has become a habit” (= iii). Morgan never says change is impossible (ii), mentions the workplace (iv), talks only about young people (v), or connects hotels to habit change (vi).
9.According to Morgan, what can people do instead of scrolling before sleep? (paragraph V)
COMPLETE THE SENTENCE.

They can .
(7 points)
Answer The route · הדרך: A detail question with a grammatical hint built in: “They can” has to be followed by a verb in the base form. The advice about replacing one habit with another is in lines 33-34, and the dash there introduces the concrete example that actually answers the question. Give that example, not only the general principle around it. אחרי can בא פועל בצורת הבסיס, והדוגמה עצמה מופיעה אחרי המקף בשורה 33.
They can read a few pages (replace the old habit with a new one).
Check: lines 33-34: “It also helps to replace an old habit with a new one - reading a few pages before sleep, for example, instead of scrolling.”
PART II: WRITTEN PRODUCTION (40 points)
(WRITTEN PRESENTATION)
IMPORTANT: You may use words and/or phrases from the text in Part I.
However, you must NOT copy a sentence or sentences from the text.

Write 100-120 words in English on the following topic.

10.Would you like to spend one day every week without your phone? Write a composition explaining why you would or would not.

Use this page and the next (pages 7-8) for writing a rough draft.

Write your final version here. If necessary, you may use page 10 as well.
Model composition (113 words) The route · הדרך: This is a personal-opinion composition, so plan it before you write a word. Decide yes or no first, and say so in the opening sentence; then give two or three reasons, each with a concrete example from your own week; then one sentence that admits the other side and answers it; then a closing sentence that returns to your position. Keep the register personal but neutral - no slang, and no sentence copied out of the article - and count the words, because 100-120 is part of the task. מטלת דעה אישית: פותחים בעמדה ברורה, מנמקים בשתיים-שלוש סיבות עם דוגמה, מזכירים בקצרה את הצד השני וחוזרים לעמדה בסיום, בטווח של 100-120 מילים.

I would definitely like to spend one day every week without my phone. Like many teenagers, I check my screen every few minutes, and I have noticed that this habit affects my concentration and even my sleep. A weekly phone-free day would give me time for things I really enjoy, such as playing basketball, reading and meeting my friends face to face. At first, it would probably feel strange, and I might worry about missing important messages. However, most messages can wait a few hours. I believe that after a month I would feel calmer and more independent. One quiet day a week seems a small price to pay for a clearer mind.

How the composition is assessed: Content (a clear answer to the question, with reasons and examples) · Organization (an opening, connected ideas, a closing sentence) · Language (vocabulary, grammar and spelling).
Note: points are taken off for incorrect spelling, and for compositions that are much shorter or longer than 100-120 words.
מחוון - תשובות סופיות / Answer Key
לבדיקה עצמית מהירה; הפתרונות המלאים בגוף השאלון.
QuestionAnswer
1iv) How she used to feel without her phone.
2Participants spend two days without their phones
3Because messages and notifications give us a small feeling of pleasure
4iii) How it can harm us.
5Any ONE of: turn off notifications / keep their phones out of the bedroom / make family meals a screen-free time / use apps that lock other apps for a few hours
6A discount, if they agree to leave their phones at the front desk for the whole stay
7ii) Many people want to spend less time on their phones.
8i) A short break is not enough to change them. + iii) It is best to make one small change at a time.
9They can read a few pages
10Open task - see model
שאלון תרגול בסגנון בחינת הבגרות · נדב כץ · אין זה שאלון רשמי של משרד החינוך